In this tutorial, we will explain the Linux SED command using some real examples. SED (Stream Editor) is one of the most used Linux commands in scripts and command lines. It searches, replaces, inserts, and deletes strings. The most common use for the SED command is to find and replace a string in a file without opening it, saving time. System administrators regularly use this command while writing scripts and automating tasks on the server.
In the next paragraphs, we will teach you everything you need to know about the SED command. Let’s get started!
Table of Contents
Prerequisites
- A Linux VPS OS, such as Ubuntu, Debian, or AlmaLinux
- User privileges: root or non-root user with sudo privileges
Syntax of the SED command
The basic syntax of the SED command is the following one:
sed OPTIONS... [SCRIPT] [INPUTFILE...]
Create txt file
Let’s first one file; we will use that for all examples in the next paragraphs. Create one txt file:
sudo nano test.txt
Paste the following lines of code:
Three Two One and here we go.. Ubuntu is number One is fast and killing like gun, admins are using it for fun. Debian is number Two and is used by you, if something messy you do not have clue. AlmaLinux is number three that has to be you can never use it if you dont Linux admin degree.
Replace a string in a file
This example is for replacing a specific string in the whole .txt file. To replace the string “number” with the word “digit” for example you need to execute the following command:
sed 's/number/digit/g' test.txt
After executing this command, you will get the output like this:
root@host:~# sed 's/number/digit/g' test.txt Three Two One and here we go.. Ubuntu is digit One is fast and killing like gun, admins are using it for fun. Debian is digit Two and is used by you, if something messy you do not have clue. AlmaLinux is digit three that has to be you can never use it if you dont Linux admin degree.
Replace string in a specific line
To replace the string “is” in the third line with “was” execute the following command:
sed '3 s/is/was/' test.txt
You should get the following output:
root@host:~# sed '3 s/is/was/' test.txt Three Two One and here we go.. Ubuntu was number One is fast and killing like gun, admins are using it for fun. Debian is number Two and is used by you, if someting mess you do not have clue. AlmaLinux is number three that has to be you can never use it if you dont Linux admin degree.
Replace a specific occurrence in the line of the file
To replace a string in some specific occurrence in the line of the file, for example, the word “is” in the second occurrence to “was” you need to execute the following command:
sed 's/is/was/2' test.txt
You will notice in the second and the third lines the word “is” is changed to was in the second occurrence
root@host:~# sed 's/is/was/2' test.txt Three Two One and here we go.. Ubuntu is number One was fast and killing like gun, admins are using it for fun. Debian is number Two and was used by you, if something messy you do not have clue. AlmaLinux is number three that has to be you can never use it if you dont Linux admin degree. root@host:~#
Print lines only with the substituted text
As you can see, the output was the whole text after the change. If we want to see only the changed lines we need to use the following command:
sed -n 's/is/was/2p' test.txt
You should see only the lines with changes:
root@host:~# sed -n 's/is/was/2p' test.txt Ubuntu is number One was fast and killing like gun, admins are using it for fun. Debian is number Two and was used by you, if something messy you do not have clue.
Replace string with Ignore Case
To replace a specific string, whether it is with the lower or upper case, you need to use the i flag in the command. Let’s replace the word “two” with the word “silver”:
sed -n 's/two/silver/ip' test.txt
You should get only the changed lines:
root@host:~# sed -n 's/two/silver/ip' test.txt Three silver One and here we go.. Debian is number silver and is used by you, if someting mess you do not have clue.
About SED command
If you want to know in detail about the SED command, you can execute the command below:
man sed
You will get a full explanation of the command, options, synopsis, etc
SED(1) User Commands SED(1)
NAME
sed - stream editor for filtering and transforming text
SYNOPSIS
sed [-V] [--version] [--help] [-n] [--quiet] [--silent]
[-l N] [--line-length=N] [-u] [--unbuffered]
[-E] [-r] [--regexp-extended]
[-e script] [--expression=script]
[-f script-file] [--file=script-file]
That was it. You learned some basic and important SED commands on Linux OS. Of course, if you have an issue with a command, you can always contact our technical support, and our admins will help you immediately. We are available 24/7.
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